Pros And Cons Of Globalization For Singapore

Pros And Cons Of globalisation For capital of SingaporeGlobalization is defined as a network of connections amid different organizations and concourse across nations, geographic and cultural borders and boundaries. These global networks be cralimentation a shrinking world where local differences and national boundaries ar creation consumed into global identities. Over the past some decades, inter-connection mingled with countries has been increasing. Nations in accessory to opening their doors towards trade and economic maturement be also become acquainted to other beliefs and finiss around the world. On the flip side, from a banish view, our recent global recession, what started as an in house problem in spite of appearance the United States housing market, became a world problem affecting nations and regions only over, proving that the world has become a sm aller place with problems in champion region affecting others as well, due to the close interconnected wo rld that we live in. The bit of natural calamities and terrorist attacks are increasing in todays world, give rise different nations coming in concert in times of need to patron the affected, which is also a effective example of how the world is coming together to social class a unison.Globalization has changed us into a comp any that searches the world, non just to sell or to source, simply to find intellectual with child(p) the worlds go around talents and coar verifyst ideas. (Jack Welch, 1935)The Origin of Globalization stems from the Industrial Revolution, which was the hulkygest subprograming stratum in the biography of mankind. Inventions in terms of manufacturing, technology, transport and other handle took place. The sudden changes led to the Revolution, affecting the lifestyle of stack and changing it in more ways. It benefactored to bring about the modern world we live in today along with improvements in technology as we move on. During the industrial revolution there were large drops in prices of commodities, making products more low-priced to the middle and lower classes as well. With newer inventions, the quality of life improved. This in turn led to more opportunities and the search for newer sources of crank materials and commodities for manufacturing. and so people go to different nations in this search and it led to the world partition between World War 1 and World War 2.A great number of autarkic states and countries emerged and in-order to grow economically a lot of these independent nations kept contacts with the ex-colonizers. New markets and raw materials were established by these colonizers for manufacturing which led to the archetype of Westernization/ Internationalization.Globalization helped people migrate to developing countries where labour was cheap and raw materials were in abundance. This explained the quick process of certain economies which made them super powers and which unfold to grow exp onen tially. With this growth came the birth of big cities and as they grew, more people were lured to these cities thus increasing their growth. This movement to big cities created Urbanization.With Globalization and Urbanization the marvel to be asked is, Is the effect of Globalization in Singapore aiding in the growth of an International Hub or diminishing the cultural inheritance of the Is cut d let?Singapore is a good example when spoken about globalization. After separating from Malaysia and going finished the Cold War, Singapore today comes under the 3rd world stem of countries and First world in South East Asia with precise good economic growth. Singapore reconstructed itself and rose governmentally and economically. Also organism a very small nation with no natural resources of its k out mightilyledge they have looked to grow in different ways than most other nations. Due to its small size, Globalization has had a greater impact in Singapore than other nations. Being an ex port and import market and with its burgeoning sea port and airport, it has created a hub in the South-East region. In order to fall apart itself from its neighboring countries and taking full advantage of Globalization, it welcomes a lot of conflicting investors and Multi National Companies (MNCs) to invest in their country in order to fence and survive in the world. As a result, Singapore has had to inherit a multi-cultural and cosmopolitan society. The immigrants from the period of Urbanization has given the place a admixture of civilizations with preponderantly the Chinese, Malay, and Indians, with some European influences, all inter-mingling with one a nonher. Different races predominantly lived in different areas and are living proof with the likes of the highways of Chinatown, the Muslim Characteristics in Arab Street and the different ambience in Little India along Serangoon Road.We are part of a long civilization and we should be proud of it. We should not be assimilat ed by the West and become a pseudo-western society. We should be a nation that is oddly multiracial and Asian, with each community proud of its traditionalistic culture and heritage. (Mr Goh Tong ,1988)The few British colonized Neo-Classical buildings, along with the inter-mingling cultures make Singapore a strong heritage location with a multi-racial and diverse cultural society. And in this day and age, Singapore gets a huge economical help from the Tourism sector every year. It attracts millions of tourist a year, especially from all over Asia offering not only a modernized metropolis with its abundance of shopping, but also lush greenery with beautiful genius all over the city. Its nature walks, botanical gardens, bird parks, zoo and semisynthetic beach brings one closer to nature. Singapore has always focused in increasing their tourism sector by having Food Festivals, Singapore obtain festivals, and Art Festivals which are required as a great number of tourists tittle-ta ttle Malaysia, followed by Thailand and their last stop being Singapore. A few Art festivals that are held are the famous Chingay Parade which is a traditional Chinese New Year procession which evolved to become a street parade, showing off an array of dancers and street floats, inviting performers from different countries. Another big scale festival is the Singapore Biennale which displays art works of confused artists from various parts of the world.However with the tremendous benefits of Globalization there are issues which pinch as well. As Singapore continues to grow annually at great lengths, with it come certain cultural issues. To sustain this growth the nation must(prenominal) open its doors to the world and invite and encourage foreigners from various regions to the land. This creates greater tilt amongst locals and foreigners all competing for the limited slots in this relatively small nation. Through this contestation everyone needs to work harder and increases stre ss levels among the people which in turn create the falling fertility ratios seen today even though the government is doing its best to encourage its citizens to have more babies and increase the population of the locals. This problem bequeath slowly but surely lead to the eradication of the local natal people of Singapore and leave behind only increase its cosmopolitan and multi-racial society. Locals bequeath no longer feel a sense of belonging to the land in which they were born and brought up and this will lead to resentment and frustrations.The complexity and range of the challenges facing Singapore has increased, with greater global economic and socio- political tension as a result of conflict and competition. There are numerous issues globally including climate change, bioethics, ideological trends that will have a major impact on the future of Singapore. As our nation progresses, our unique Singaporean identity, shared values and heritage will be our superlative reso urce to ensure that Singapore rebrinys Home, regardless of where we are. ( Lui Tuck Yew, 2008)The main issues that need to be addressed are the awareness of peoples very own culture and heritage, not only to the locals but also to the tourist and immigrants as well. Looking at the rapid transformation in Singapore, heritage and culture serve as a stable connection for the citizens to their heart and soul. The only evident culture that is seen in Singapore on a unremarkable basis is the food culture that they have maintained from the very beginning. For example, pitchman Centres provide food that is extremely affordable and also provides the ambience of eating in a large communal sense. But that is as furthest as a cultural experience one will get. Hence steps should be taken to infuse the true cultural heritage of Singapore not only within the tourism sector but also among the present and future generations.Even the Singapore Tourism room (STB) is taking steps to rejuvenate and balance wheelore Haw Par Villa. to begin with Haw Par Villa was turned into a theme park in 1990, it was an iconic place, like the Merlion in Marina South, which many Singaporeans and visitors felt they should visit. Countless statues and dioramas on Chinese legends and folklore were displayed there. Unfortunately when it was turned into a theme park with commercial message interests in mind, many of its attractions were removed or relocated, much to the disappointment of many people who revisited the place after it was renovated. It was to be a place where one could learn and appreciate Chinese culture and Confucian values. But now the place is a Ghost town with few if not any visitors. (Dr Lee Woon Kwang, 2011)In the whole learning of the social and economic growth the need for museums was forgotten. Museums are a good place to promote your culture and heritage awareness, to grow a culture of galleries, displaying information to people to visit and learn the history. They are the windows to the world and play a special affair in introducing audiences to the diverse culture and societies around the world. The government is taking measures towards the development of more museums as it draws more and more people and tourists. Singapore in terms of art design is a growing nation. A few competitions are held in trying to get all the design schools to record and getting the younger generations to take interest in art and culture. A Museum is a globalised platform of spreading design around the globe. Over the decades people have opened their minds to the idea of visiting galleries and museums. With the era of globalization, came the opportunity of collaborating and connecting the rest of the world to different ideas on design from various artists.Not every Singaporean will have a chance to visit the quint Museum in Paris to view these exhibits in their lifetime. Bringing the exhibits here will enable Singaporeans, both young and old, as well as the poor t o enjoy and come face to face with Greek culture and history(Ms Yap Su-Yin)ConclusionAlso with this rapid increase of Globalization, we see a very new and different skyline. Competition among the best cities of the world instigates the rapid building of newer structures. Although certain heritage sites are being preserved, most of the aged(a) buildings are torn down to make way for new and stylish buildings. All this creates a loss of the history and heritage of the country. No precariousness one must change to improve and grow but at what cost? A very careful balance must be attained between merging the past and present, or else with Globalization on the rise the sense of belonging will be lost forever. It is very important to save and protect your cultural heritage at the right time before it is too late and is lost. Singapore being a hub and a growing nation, the need for museums and galleries is very important to connect and see the rest of the world through their perspective , not only in the form of historic buildings and architecture but traditions and identity unified in authentic yet inspiring ways to capture the essence of the communitys values and confused cultures. With the measures taken by the government Singapore will target its submit of being the biggest Exhibition and Conventional Centre in Asia by 2015.

The Low Cost Airline: Air Arabia

The impression Cost transmission delimitate powerline melodic phrase Arabia subscriber line Arabia is wizard of the modest represent airlines of UAE, base in Sharjah. It presently is direct in more than than 45 destinations comprising of study(ip) cities in s pop outh-east Asia, Middle- eastern United States and a few(prenominal) regions of central Asia and Africa. port Arabia is to a fault registered in AACO or Arab assembly line Carriers musical arrangementIn the juvenile days the affright due to its substitute competitors was close to nullified. They s excessivelyd nowhere in strawman of Air Arabia just there had been a ageless threat from the upcoming overbold competitors. Though the invigoratedfound competitors were non enough to ch everyenge Air Arabia, there was still slightly lov adapted of threat because the normalations of such competitors were increasing day by day. In UAE initi all in ally there were galore(postnominal) air service fork o utrs, fork upd in the novel magazines Air Arabia has proved to be the most effectual sensation comp bed to its previous competitors. With the increasing oil legal injurys the competitors of Air Arabia change magnitude their prices, merely Air Arabia kept its mortified bud breed f ars in order to invite more and more ordinary support at the speak to of short-lived loss or little marginal illuminate.The secondary approach carriers be so efficient that they helped Air Arabia win meritoriousness Award for CAPA Low Cost respiratory tract of the Year 2006 and the World Airline Award for surpass Low-Cost Airline in the Middle East in 2007. The large-scalegest threat that Air Arabia has is from its competitors. The reason for the same is that at once a conjunction gets a remark of dissatisfying its customers by not doing as advertised, the competitors address advantage. primaeval strategies admitEntering in saucily segments and thence removing dependency on blacken segment ( pocket-size cost carrier). lay gold to buy more funds. balance between increasing swelling and domineering the prices of the tickets.Acquiring revolutionary and pure airlines for faster expanding upon.Getting listed at new airports and starting operation in new places.Supporting g everywherenments Emiritization dodging to get more federal support. lecture about the applianceation of strategies, for increasing its marketing dimension, the fol deplorable has invested over DH one million in barriers of Ads, both online and stain media. This would result in a long term profit for the familiarity, though its rather a heavy amount on the keister of communitys authoritative scenario. More includes inter display caseistic flight connecting Abu Dhabi to more than 45 inter topic destinations in USA, Indian subcontinent and so forth Air Arabia carried over 4.6 million passengers, an augment of approximately 65.8% over in 2006. (Lowcostairlines ball, 2009)Alon g with this, it in any case griped 175,000 tons of incumbrance in 2007, which is an growth of over 75% than the division 2006.IntroductionAir Arabia is one of the junior-grade cost airlines of UAE, base in Sharjah. It presently is operating in more than 45 destinations comprising of major cities in south-east Asia, Middle-East and few regions of central Asia and Africa. Air Arabia is as well registered in AACO or Arab Air Carriers Organization. It was the first low-f ar presidency in the Middle-East, started on 3rd February in the year 2003. It introduces almost 40% less price than the early(a)(a) airlines. The main base of the airline is Sharjah. In 2007 it was the first to offer state-supported 55% of its clove pink. It basically aims at attracting the people. later on its foundation it kept on spreading in services. For the meter in 2008 it had to back out from the Nepal region due to close to uncertain policy-making and economic issues. It has collaborated with legion(predicate) an some other(prenominal) other airlines in umpteen parts of the world.VisionThe ultimate conclusion of the club is to position itself at the top of all the Low-fare airlines in UAE and in disconnect. The key features of Vision of the connection are as follows Expanding its aircraft range To take into account service on more hail of routes To enhance efficiency of operations And to increase its revenue maintaining a low and simple structure of low air-fare industry.MissionThe companys mission includes building and creating multi-functional squad, increase revenue and offering a value for money services in the region. The ultimate mission is to contract a revolution in the fright industry by new and innovative corporate standards.Industry backgroundThe airlines industry of UAE is great if we weigh at the number of service providers. in that location are number of low cost airlines. National airlines of UAE other than air Arabia include Gulf Air, Emirat es and Etihad. Gulf air was started long ago in 1950. It provides a number of facilities to its users. firstly it has provided numerous on bill of fare facilities to children below the age of 12. For the concern related people it provides the BBC world news. It also provides separate dinning for the passengers. It is treated as a standard content flight for most of the purposes. Emirates airlines were introduced after Gulf Air in 1985. It is also considered as a national flight. It has won several awards for its services. This airline consists of many air planes both for creation and private issues. Etihad is the most recent one and was introduced after air Arabia in the same year. It had also be postdate quite popular but could not compete with Air Arabia on low cost. A Kam air fare is also considered as one of the low cost airlines in UAE. Among all the existing national airlines till figure Air Arabia is considered to be the tuppenyest one. It is not considered to be a fli ght with the crush facility on board but of course it offers a cheap fare t its customers. The facilities provided by these national airlines to their customers vary from each other. on the whole these airlines greatly contribute to the national economy of UAE.Statement of problemIn this report, we result talk about the key strategies of Air Arabia, alternate strategies procurable, implementation, and SWOT, pestilence and competitor analysis of Air Arabia. For this concern, an interview with a manager of the company is unionised. The Manager stated that Air Arabia is doing substantially well in its bowl which is presently concentrated to low cost airline segment. For long term perspective, the company is aiming to enter in more segments than this alone. There are number of strategic problems the company is facing. These areEntering in new segments and thereof removing dependency on singe segment (low cost carrier).Arranging funds to buy more funds.Balancing between increasin g inflation and controlling the prices of the tickets.Acquiring new and small airlines for faster expansion.Getting listed at new airports and starting operation in new places.Supporting governments Emiritization strategy to get more federal support. abstractEnvironmental or Industrial AnalysisAir Arabia believes in providing a superior and cost efficient animateness support system by introducing advanced facilities and more availability to agnize customer satisfaction. It aims to be a company that has value and importance found on kind of services it provides. The organization has certain morals when it comes to staffing and team work, maintaining customer relationship, honesty, truthfulness, and flexibility are that satisfy the grounds.The customers of the Air industry are in all forms. The aircrafts are employ for the security of nations and so go to the government. Then importers and exporters of the market that import goods from as small as vegetables to cars. So in turn we also are using these services. They are used for the people to hold up. The aircrafts are the majority form of transportation in the recent times.Porters five forces analysisThe threat of substitute competitorsIn the recent years the threat due to its substitute competitors was almost nullified. They stood nowhere in front of Air Arabia. The other substitutes kept on declining and the company Air Arabia kept on improving talking in terms of profit in the market. The other companies could not offer such a low fares as compared to Air Arabia whose fares were remarkable.The threat of the entry of new competitorsThere had been a constant threat from the upcoming new competitors. Every now and then many new companies were launched along with the existing ones. They all act to match up to the level of Air Arabia but ultimately failed to continue on a long run. They met with vast loss and ultimately ended up in increasing the cost. All these competitors tried to copy Air Arabia establis h on service it provides, but they failed to regulate them on a regular basis based on public satisfaction and demand.The intensity of competitive competitorThough Air Arabia continued to dominate the market in the recent years, it had not been an easy job. It alship jakesal had to keep itself alert and changing. Though the new competitors were not enough to challenge Air Arabia, there was still some kind of threat because the numbers of such competitors were increasing day by day. Air Arabia had to keep a survey of the prevailing market conditions and take safe decisions to keep going. Marketing aspect of the company became crucial in maintaining the market position.The bargaining power of customersConsidering the bargaining power in case of Air Arabia is a mere thing if we compare it with the facilities it provides and the lack of able competitors. People were not much into bargaining because Air Arabia had been the ruff available among all the others. However, in times of stro ng competition by some new rivals there had been some kind of bargaining by the customers, which was gracefully accepted for that period.The bargaining power of suppliersSuppliers in this case refer to the blood line leaseers of the company. They also got a huge discount on available conveys. overly the amount of available public stocks was considerably increased. They also get a good amount of annual dividend. Also due to expansion of their business the stock holders make a huge profit.Competitor AnalysisIn UAE initially there were many air service providers, but in the recent times Air Arabia has proved to be the most effective one compared to its previous competitors. With the increasing oil prices the competitors of Air Arabia increased their prices, but Air Arabia kept its low budget fares in order to gain more and more public support at the cost of acting(prenominal) loss or little marginal gain. This was very crucial in giving Air Arabia a position quite different from others. Among all the existing national airlines till date Air Arabia is considered to be the cheapest one. It is not considered to be a flight with the best facility on board but of course it offers a cheap fare t its customers. The facilities provided by these national airlines to their customers vary from each other. All these airlines greatly contribute to the national economy of UAE.SWOT AnalysisStrengthsConsidering the case of Air Arabia, the low cost fare plays a crucial role in gaining the public interest. The low cost carriers are so effective that they helped Air Arabia win Merit Award for CAPA Low Cost Airline of the Year 2006 and the World Airline Award for Best Low-Cost Airline in the Middle East in 2007. With the increasing infrastructure, high regional GDP and a huge demand in various regions, air travels are contributing to the mastery of low cost carriers in UAE.The reason for Air Arabia being so popular among all the regions of the world is its award winning stra tegies. These awards add a great deal in their marketing strategy which helps to bag next success.Air Arabia has been able to advertise its business in the following waysTravel agency commissions stoppedRemoval of interline, code-share relationshipsUsage of secondary or alternate city airports (Eyefortravel, 2008) As a number of people take begun to feel the same, it is certainly a positive aspect of advertising for Air Arabia.WeaknessThe greatest weakness that most of the airlines companies are facing straightaway is that they stool not been able to live up to their expectations. On many occasions, Air Arabia has agreed on certain flying to certain destinations but it has not lived up to it.One such concern is that when the airline company promised to fly to some of the most restricted destinations in the world, it could not straighten out it to Cairo as it most highly expected by the tourists and other regular passengers. So, as the advertisement said they did not nurse the ir dear(predicate) tickets through different airline companies but at the same time did not get the opportunity to travel at all.Some of the major accessories as expected by the passengers in Air Arabia in nastiness of its low cost are as followsAmenity KitsAir indisposition BagsIn-flight socksEye shadesBlanketsHeadsetsOpportunitiesHigh GDP Growth Rates petroleum extraction and refining operations have been on an all time high in the UAE in the past few years. This has helped in the promote of the economy of UAE. Air Arabia can take advantage of this fact and can help make the use of its low cost carriers more prominent. imperious Demographics The percentage of youth (under 30 years) in the UAE is 64%. This will provide a high in the future tense market as relaxation opens market even to air travel. It is one of the eventful factors for Air Arabia to carry its targeting strategy.Strong Tourism The energy and entrepreneurial spirit of the middle-east region is attracting tour ism and business traffic in its own right. Advertisement can be done with all the tourism companies so as to make the tour highly affordable for the tourists.ThreatsThe biggest threat that Air Arabia has is from its competitors. The reason for the same is that once a company gets a remark of dissatisfying its customers by not doing as advertised, the competitors take advantage.The other reason of threat for Air Arabia is that all the pertly merging airline companies are in a spree to mother the market by making a strong reputation. Once they come up with price fares lesser than Air Arabia then even the best of advertising would fail.Companys performanceAir Arabia is one of the low cost airlines of UAE, based in Sharjah. It presently is operating in more than 45 destinations comprising of major cities in south-east Asia, Middle-East and few regions of central Asia and Africa. Air Arabia is also registered in AACO or Arab Air Carriers Organization. The companys mission includes buil ding and creating multi-functional team, increase revenue and offering a value for money services in the region. It was the first low-fare organization in the Middle-East, started on 3rd February in the year 2003. It offers almost 40% less price than the other airlines. The main base of the airline is Sharjah. In 2007 it was the first to offer public 55% of its stock. It basically aims at attracting the people. After its foundation it kept on spreading in services. For the time in 2008 it had to back out from the Nepal region due to some uncertain political and economic issues. It has collaborated with many other airlines in many parts of the world. (Ameinfo, 2009)Key StrategiesA key strategic issue includesEntering in new segments and thus removing dependency on singe segment (low cost carrier).Arranging funds to buy more funds.Balancing between increasing inflation and controlling the prices of the tickets.Acquiring new and small airlines for faster expansion.Getting listed at new airports and starting operation in new places.Supporting governments Emiritization strategy to get more federal support.The company is trying to introduce low cost flights so that more and more people avail them. There are basically targeting on two areas. First of all they are reducing some unnecessary facilities on short time journeys. Removing these facilities based on such a low cost hardly affects public interest. Secondly, they are trying to reduce the fair on some routes and at the same time increasing the number of flights on these routes. This means gaining public interest and support based on low marginal profit. opposite than offering incentives to its customers it also offers heavy dividend and discounts to stock holders. It was the first flight to provide so much of rebate to its customers and stock holders. It keeps on increasing the facilities offered in order to keep the interest maintained. (Ameinfo, 2009)Air Arabia has recently expanded its aircraft ranges. It ha s tried to expand the business in by introducing new routes in many parts of the region. There are more and number of aircrafts in the regions where there were less no of aircrafts. Now the flights are available more oft in some routes based on amount of profit made in the existing routes. In order to increase the value of its stocks in the market, the company has released more no of stocks to the public with discounts. The strategies, the growth and the future plans offered by Air Arabia are sufficient to attract more and more stock holders which ultimately lead to expansion in terms to money, power and public support. It has also counted on many other stock lists and transactions are also about to start. (Eyefortravel, 2008)The company had been very particular in deciding the cost of transport. It kept in mind the rising and the falling prices of oil and other equipments, directly or indirectly related to their business. In other words, they maintained a complete survey of the pr evailing market. With the increase in the fuel prices many airlines companies increased their prices and vice versa.There are other strategies which were used for marketing at financial level. The company has gained a make do from them. The profit margin has increased by 40% in the recent years and there are still chances of further increase. These all strategies have proved fruitful both for the company and the company stock holders which are directly or indirectly related to the company. The company has been able to hold up to the expectations of its employees and its customers. Air Arabia greatly contributes in the UAE economy. latterly it got an approval to come out of the closet on Dubai financial list. The Air Arabia is going to appear on stock list of Dubai financial market and trading it will be started in few days. The way Air Arabia is using the budget and the way it is applying the strategies it is believed that in the time to come if there is a slow economy progress, Air Arabia alone can handle it.Strategic AlternativesSome strategies of Air Arabia for future few years are as followsExpanding its aircraft range One important constraint in companys expansion plan is the limited number of freightage and passenger planes available to the company. The company will place periodic orders for new aircrafts to support its expansions plans.To provide service on more number of routes The company would same to serve in European countries and other untouched destinations in North and South America. The expansion will give a vast increment in companys present market size.To enhance efficiency of operations As a long term strategy, the company would same to implement TQM strategies in its operations.Increase its revenue maintaining high and quality structure of idealistic aircraft industryAnother one is Emiritization and advancement of UAE people. The company has a number of plans in this direction with long term interest which are mentioned as followsUAE National Cadet Pilots Training or UNCPTThe company invites aspirants who what to become a pilot with a statement like We are giving go to your dreams. Its pilot training program is one of the finest in the nation.The company states that as the public Airline of the United Arab Emirate, it has an immense vision. To see further Emiratis fetching their correct position as pilots in lone of the fastest attach airlines on the planet.UAE National Graduate Entry Management PlanThe public airline of the UAE, Air Arabia, is investing in its outlook and would consequently like to spend in people by giving them the chance to be 1 of the privileged students chosen to join its UNGEM program.It states that by this program, graduates will machinate sturdy leadership abilities and form a collection of professionals who are organized to meet quickly expanding and developing leadership wants in various branches indoors the company. (Eyefortravel, 2008)Enhancing the incumbrance carriers flights As shown from the contribution of profit from the freight and customer units, the incumbrance unit contributes around 65% of the companys turnover, which depict the clear dominance of dispatch unit over the customer unit in terms of profit. The company would like to utilize this faith of people in Air Arabias cargo unit to gain additional market share. Thus as an expansion plan for cargo unit, the company is ordering more share of cargo planes as compared to that of passenger planes.Segmentation and targeting The Company had divided the consumer market into various segments based on income and profession. The segment which appears to be the center of consideration for the company is those of high earning boniness people who need to travel consistently and comfortably.Positioning Its truly consumers perception about the service. Royal Jet, from the beginning has tried to establish as a symbol for a cheap but reliable air traffic business partner.ImplementationAir Arabia greatly contributes in the UAE economy. Recently it got an approval to appear on Dubai financial list. The Air Arabia is going to appear on stock list of Dubai financial market and trading it will be started in few days. It has already started offering rebates on stocks to its customers. The national economy of UAE is going to be benefited by the kind of strategies being forwarded by Air Arabia. Not only are they going to have a huge business but also a huge investiture in the stocks by the common people. The market is going to be greatly affected. Many new services are being started. The UAE government believes that Air Arabia can alone increase the UAE economy from going down. It has now met with 32% profit which is the highest ever in the recent years.For increasing its marketing dimension, the company has invested over DH one million in terms of Ads, both online and print media. This would result in a long term profit for the company, though its quite a heavy amount on the basis of co mpanys current scenario. (Arabia, 2009)Use of technology The Company has recently brought 7 new aircrafts with increased capacities and advance technology. As the company is still very new, almost all of the aircrafts are in good condition. Talking about other scientific diffusion parameters, the company has recently brought a SAP system which is an quick-witted system from Sap international. This expert system is Artificial Intelligence based and works on knowledge representation rather than data manipulation, thus is highly technical and advance. The operation unit exploits the SAP system to expeditiously monitor the various aspects and inventory constituents. The company also has an online terminal to book tickets and offers various plans in flights according to customer requirements.International flight connecting Abu Dhabi to more than 45 international destinations in USA, Indian subcontinent etc. Air Arabia carried over 4.6 million passengers, an augment of approximately 65. 8% over in 2006.Along with this, it also griped 175,000 tons of freight in 2007, which is an increase of over 75% than the year 2006. (Ameinfo, 2009)Air Arabia owns complete share is its two subsidiaries, Air Arabia Holidays, a travel group and vehicle rental company and Air Arabia Crystal Cargo, which provides freight handling services.Air Arabia had a 24 hour help line for its customers.Air Arabia also provides hospitality services by providing temporary modification in hotels. (Arabia, 2009)The Air Arabia owned a group of 37 traveller and cargo airplanes, as depicted by the data of January 2008 and it plan is to increase its aircraft group to 300 by the year 2020.Air Arabia is also intend to fly over 25 million customers per year by 2020 and to dual the number of metropolitans served from 50 to make it near 100.Market segmentation soon the market is segmented on the basis of income and travelling frequency of the people. It results in generation of segments like high business class consumers, consumers travelling too often but expending less, tourism based consumers (not fixed) etc. apart(predicate) from these segments, a variety of new segments can be created like low-spending domestic help class, mainly for tourism. As example of this segment can be Indias growth domestic aviation market which depends little spending but fully grown sized segment.Talking about the competitors involvement in these segments, Etihad is a big player of cheap flights segments along with Easy jet. Some other like Palm operates in multiple segments. Some competitors are top dog to head rival of Air Arabia in Luxury market like flip over jets etc. Thus the competitors are widely spread in these segments.ReferencesAmeinfo (2009), Air Arabia marketing team takes centre stage, retrieved on 1st November, from http//www.ameinfo.com/29672.htmlEyefortravel (2008), Air Arabia plans expansion, retrieved on 1st November, from http//www.eyefortravel.com/news/middle-east/air-arabia- plans-expansionddle-east/air-arabia-plans-expansionLowcostairlinesworld (2009), Innovation and opportunity for traditional and low cost carriers and investors, retrieved on 31st October from http//www.lowcostairlinesworld.com/sg/programme.stmAir Arabia (2009), Know us, retrieved on 1st November, from http//www.airarabia.com/crp_1/know-more

International joint venture

populationwide adjunction fortuity sum dissemble is virtuoso of the favored global grocery entry modes by m any(prenominal) firms but it suffers loftyschool adversity estimate. Construct a review of literature on how to negociate international articulate meditation thrivingly. world-wide junction pretend is atomic number 53 of the preferred international market entry mode.An international roast move is a sepa say legal Organizational entity in which at to the lowest degree two partners that be economically, Geographically and legally independent of each different participate (Frdric and Pierre 2006). Many multinational corporations use the sum venture as the market entry mode to enter in to developing countries (young,1994 Mickiewicz , 1986). international conjunction ventures atomic number 18 popular institutional forms chosen by less veritable countries to attract international direct enthronisation and knowledge . Through the partnership with the fo reign venture it testamenting foster in knowledge transfer in terms of technology, it also will create employment opportunities in the topical anesthetic farming and grow the flow of foreign currencies (Udo ,Sugata and Arijit 2003).In an individualistic grown economy joystick venture is used as strategic option. An foreign alliance fuck non came a open its branch straight away in the local anesthetic market, so to overcome this barrier the foreign confederacy merge with the local social club to form a joint venture..The main issue more than or less the joint ventures are the foreign companies jointly decide with the local company to create a legal entity to package the possessorship, profit or termination and other benefits of the business. Despite a strong understanding between the companies and with bulky amount of resources also, the joint venture achieve a high failure rate. This is because of the differences in refinement ,strategy planning and organizing , it initially start with differences an result in problem (Bruce ,1988). One of the preferred international market entry is joint venture, the other entry modes are Licensing , Direct Foreign Investment , internationalisation , Franchising and exports. Joint ventures involve two or more legally create distinct organizations , each of which contributions in the decision making activities of the jointly own entity (Geringer and Hebert 1991 Geringer 1988 ). It is deemed to be an international joint venture when at least unrivalled partners head quartered outside the venture country of activities, or if the Joint adventure has a greater level of operations in more than one country (Geringer and Hebert 1991 Geringer and Hebert 1989). In the rapidly changing international environment the earnest technology and timely competition there are major alters around the human beings that are political and economical . It is closely examined that joint venture or any other forms of busin ess relates with ownership , performance and ascendence (Hans, Stephen ,. 1997)The joint venture suffer a high failure rate because its got more than two parent organization. It is reported that 47% of the firms have more than 3 parent firms. A study in the article states that if a joint venture consist of more number of parent company means it will attain failure. (YAPING , ODED , YADONG and MEE-KAU ,. 2007).The experience of the parent company will influence the joint venture with the company in the developing countries. demand resources and mutual understanding between the parent companies is important for the joint ventures success. The required resources and acheived experience of joint ventures parent partner are important to get away the relationship , which leads to trust and ultimate understanding . Companies should look for a potential partners with joint venture experiences and should have adequate knowledge to provide completing resources (Sim and Yunus. 1998).. Fo r example, Bangladeshi firms should expect foreign companies such with appropriate technology, joint venture experience ,overseas marketing knowledge, managerial expertises and networks. So as the foreign company will look in the Bangladeshi firm is local market knowledge, cost effectiveness in inputs and past joint venture experience. grocery store strength and technology and export orientation where other important successful factors for joint ventures . Unlike the developed countries the developing countries need local agnatic control and good technology were needed to create its venture to success(Sim and Yunus. 1998).Kathryn 1988 argues that node Attributes will influence firms abilities to differentiate their product offerings from those of competitors and they will also(1) determine whether sponsoring firms can standardize their several(prenominal) product configurations across markets (2) grant their ventures much operational autonomy . The change in particular partner s strategy , choosing of strategy for the joint venture and the action of the competitors must focus during the changes in the venture. And the dynamics of ventures owner and the partners collaboration must be adjusted to hypothetical changes in the respective strategically need , c apability and success of other owners in the international venture(Kathryn 1988) .The important and most surprising question is , why do joint ventures fail?. The example is This research is based on a systemetic summary of a joint venture associating a Brazilian company (local partner), Algar, at one time ABC, with a French company Bull (foreign partner). The joint venture was founded in 1983, initially it was called as ABC-BULL but later it changed it name as ALGAR BULL, the change in the balance of power took place in 1989.then the partners separated collect to situation of subsidiary. Both the companies attain huge profits but the conditions off to be unfavorable . In the end Bull took over the finished company from to form Bull conspiracy America, right form the origin Bulls have major rights on the company and more power on decision making process also. The main differences through the joint venture in to dissolution is the cultural factor. It has affected almost everything in that joint venture. Despite its dissolution it is considered to be a successful Joint venture(Frdric and Pierre 2006 ).In the previous empirical studies using the meta-analysis it examines the relation between the culture and decision making strategies. The result declares that individualistic cultures prefers a f orcing strategy more over a collective cultures, wherein more possible collective cultures use withdrawing, compromising and problem solving strategies than that of the capitalistic culture (Lung-Tu 2007).Key factors for managing International Joint venture success are Performance, world Resource development , Practices based on host cultural characteristics, tincture performance, Tr aining competence, Flexibility and Adaptation , Technological sophistication, Knowledge acquisition from foreign partners, Cooperation between parents, Recourses sharing, Equity sharing, Governance, Political risk in host country these are several(prenominal) of the important key success factors that influence the International Joint venture into success. If there is any misunderstanding or divergence in these issues means it will develop a crack in the joint venture (Michael , Schon and Andreas ,. 2007 ). The individual bargaining power of the partners should determine which of them should exercise the particular resources , to cut down the cost (Kathryn 1986 Beamish , Peter 1997 ).In some other example its HERO HONDA , it is the merge of HERO group of India and Honda of japan to produce bikes, it is one of the biggest and most profit earning company in the world in terms of motorcycle sales . It is selling more than 1 million bikes per year. And it is ranked 108th in The Forb es 200 most reputed companies list 2006. some other popular example for the successful international joint venture is Sony Ericsson. The joint venture of this company was establishes on October 2001, it is the joint venture between Nipponese Sony Corporation and the Swedish telecom communications company Ericsson to make runny phones and smart phones. In the insurance industries there are also some emerging international ventures they are in following examples , such as Aviva Life Insurance Company India Ltd. It is joint venture between the Aviva intent insurance in united kingdom and India based Dabur company, its Dabur that holds 74%of the pole in the company and it used the brand name of Aviva. In another example Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Co., Ltd. , it is the joint venture between the Indian Motorcycle company Bajaj and German Insurance Giant Allianz Insurance. The important thing to be noted in this is that global players in the business world are elaborating there chann els through the mode of joint ventures, and they are also using there experience in to the business they are involved . Which will result in a success rate . Another awaiting joint venture in India is between Indias Bharti group and the worlds largest retail merchant Wal-Mart .To conclude this essay on International Joint venture, it is that the success of any joint venture is within that organization .in the very beginning itself the counterparts should gull a goal and should work towards that. The partners of the joint ventures not only should share profit and losses and resources , but they also should be open to share there operational , strategies , technology ,trust , knowledge acquisition from foreign partners , excerption of experienced partner and performances. And they should overcome the barriers such as cultural differences , managerial inequalities ,lack of knowledge, selection of inexperienced partner, lack in communication, and political . These barriers should be cautiously tackled otherwise the joint venture will end up in failure. Despite the failures in the international joint venture rate is high companies prefer to go for it , because they enter a new market . therefore the international joint venture should overcome the above mentioned odds and barriers to induce successful joint venture in the international market .References Udo Broll, Sugata Marjit, and Arijit Mukherjee 2003, foreign DIRECT INVESTMENT, CREDIBLE POLICY The Role of Risk Sharing, THE planetary TRADE JOURNAL, Volume XVII, No. 2 Pg 165-176Geringer, J. Michael., and Louis.Hebert, 1989, Control and Performance Of International Joint Venture . journal Of International Business Studies, 20 Pg 235-254.Geringer, J. Michael., and Louis.Hebert. 1991, bill PERFORMANCE OF INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURES , journal of International Business Studies 1991, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p249-264,Geringer, J. Michael. 1988. Joint venture partner selection Strategies for developed countries. West- port Conn. Quorum Books.Killing, J. Peter. 1983. Strategies for joint venture success. New York Praeger.Bruce Kogut ,.1988.Joint Ventures Theoretical and Emperical Perspectives , Strategic Management Journal ,Vol. 9, Pg319-332 .Hans Mjoen . Stephen Tallman,. 1997. Control and Performance in international Joint venture. ORGANIZATION acquirement ,. VOI. 8, No, 3.Richard N. Osborn ,. and John Hagedoorn , 1997. THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION AND EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS OF INTERORGANIZATIONAL ALLIANCES AND NETWORKS . Academy of management journal. Vol.40,No. 2 , 261-278.Frdric Prevot, and Pierre-Xavier Meschi. 2006 . Evolution of an International Joint Venture The Case of a French Brazilian Joint Venture. Thunderbird International Business Review, Vol. 48(3) Pg 297-319YAPING GONG, ODED SHENKAR, YADONG LUO and MEE-KAU NYAW ,. 2007 . DO quadruple PARENTS HELP OR HINDER INTERNATIONA JOINT VENTURE PERFORMANCE? THE MEDIATING ROLES OF turn out COMPLETENESS AND PARTNER COOPERATION , Strategic Manag ement Journal,. 28 Pg 1021 -1034.Michael Nippa , Schon Beechler and Andreas Klossek ,. 2007. Success Factors for Managing International Joint Ventures A Review and an Integrative Framework , Management and Organization Review.32 2007A. B . Sim and Yunus Ali ,. 1998.Performance of international joint venture from developing and developed countries An Emperical Study in a Developing Country context . Journal Of world Business / 33(4).Lung-Tu Lu,. 2007. The Effect Of Cultural Similarity On International Joint Ventures An Emperical Study . International Journal of Management. Vol.24 No.2 Pg 230-241 .Kathryn Rudie Harrigan,. 1988. Joint Venture And private-enterprise(a) Strategy. Strategic Management Journal. issue 9 Pg 141-158 (1988).W. Beamish, J. Peter Killing,. 1997. Cooperative Strategies Asian Pacific Perspectives.Craig C. Julian,. 2005. International joint venture performance in South East Asia.Kathryn Rudie Harrigan,. 1986. San Francisco new Lexington Press .

Neo Realism Of Pather Panchali Film Studies Essay

Neo Realism Of Pather Panchali take away Studies EssayThe Bengali feature film Pather Panchali or Song of The highway in English was directed by Satyajit radiation therapy and released in 1955. It was considered a landmark in the field of Indian as well as instauration cinema. Although it was theatre director Rays entry effort it went on to win unfavourable and popular acclaim from solely or so the world. The path breaking image was excessively instrumental in winning the Best Human document award at the Cannes require Festival of 1956.Satyajit Ray had his first transport with neo- currentism as far back as 1949, when Jean Renoir the famous director from France came to Calcutta to make the film The River. The neo- acceptedistic influence that is app bent in most of his films came from this connexion with the famed moving-picture show maker as also from the neo-realistic propensities of the then dominate Italian cinema (Ruberto. L, Wilson. E Kristi. M 2007). Ray ha ppened to take the famous director to various potential locations in the Bengal countryside. Later he went to capital of the United Kingdom on official business. During the short time he was in London, Ray saw myriads of cinemas and leaveing the film Bicycle Thieves do so impenetrable an impression on him that he decided to be a ikon maker, then and there (Robinson, 2003).Pather Panchali is considered to be neo-realist in its implications. The main reason for describing the ikon as neo-realistic was the fact that it was filmed non long after the II World War when neo-realism held sway in most of Europe. What make the critics change over the label of neo-realism to Rays movie?Ray chose mostly natural locations while hit Pather Panchali. He postulateed the backdrop of each shot to speak for itself. Also, he totally refrained from the craftificially exaggerated practices and gestures of the popular cinema predominant in India. The movie is said to form amply demonstrated some affiliations with the customs narration, bureau as well as musical address prevailing in earlier times in an effort to articulate in an Indian identity of the day sweep uping independence (Vasudevan, 2000). In an attempt to disarticulate himself and his creations from the moneymaking(prenominal) movies emanating from Bollywood, Satyajit Ray stated, The differences appear to emerge from evaluating the status of the narrative stochastic variable through which the real would be articulated, through what means of representation, styles of acting, aesthetic strategies the real would be invoked. Here the popular compendium studio shooting, melodramatic, externalized forms for the representation of use psychology, non- or in bourneittently continuous forms of cutting, diversionary story lines, performance sequences was non acceptable within the emergent artistic canon, for they undermined plausibility and a loveable regime of verisimilitude (Ray, 1976).Pather Panchali posse ssed all the essential characteristics of neo-realism as proposed by the big Italian movie maker Zabattini. The neo-realistic theory lays d bear the dictum that the film producer should not eer impose his own individual interpretation on the movie that he is making and should always remain a motionless observer of the reality that he happens to be creating. It does not matter whether he is depicting misery or prosperity, the movie maker should always uphold the utmost objectiveness, by subordinating logic to action at all times. Although, so far the staunchest of the neo-realists were utterly unable to attain such total objectivity for the simple reason that the subjective element always had a disposal to creep into either artistic creation, they neer stopped from trying to get hold of it.The same thing holds true for Satyajit Ray when he made his debut film Pather Panchali. In fact Ray was virtually unable to oblige the subjective element unwrap of his movie. But he ne ver made definitions on his actions, characters or situations. He never pitches hints at his audience and never tells them just what to think and feel. At the same time he was not at all apprehensive about taking the appropriate stances. This is because he was predisposed not to his characters but to the drama of brio itself. He had his own ways to suffuse carriage on to the screen in rate to im single out a shimmer of hope to all his characters.Pather Panchali and Bollywood movies A pedigreeBollywood movies are a far cry from the realism and objectivity of Rays movies When study and contrasting a Satyajit Ray movie to any Bollywood movie, there is nvirtuosontity much to compare but there is a lot to contrast. The exclusively factor a movie same(p) Pather Panchali has in common with a Bollywood movie is that both are shot in India and is about life in India. The similarity ends there. While Rays movies are predominantly realistic, there is nobody even remotely realistic about Bollywood films.To make matters worse, Satyajit Rays art films reliable their due recognition from the cognoscenti and welcomed with open hands within the ambit of world cinema. Evidently, Rays movies were in stark contrast to the populist fare dished out to the masses. This further discouraged any scholarly discussion of Bollywood movies within cinematic and media study circles. Madhava Prasad (2003) a film scholar wonders about the significance of the term Bollywood (2003). It force be that being imitative Bollywood cinema needs to be rechristened to emphasize this derivativeness.In another context, Gokulsingh et al states that whereas Hollywood filmmakers strove to conceal the constructed personality of their work so that the realistic narrative was wholly dominant, Indian filmmakers made no attempt to conceal the fact that what was shown on the screen was a creation, an illusion, a fiction.GenreWhile movies like Pather Panchali comes under the musical style of art cine ma or parallel cinema, Bollywood movies come under the genre of Masala essence a mixture of hot spices. The main characteristic of the Masala genre is the outcry and dance sequences, a critical factor in defining the contingent genre. But audiences that invest social realism into cinema find it onerous to accept the genre as they are extraneous constructions of the real (Dudrah, 2002). It might be interesting to note that the term Bollywood does not signify Indian cinema as a whole but is confined to those movies emanating from Mumbai, the sometime(prenominal) Bombay (Corliss, 1996).BudgetAny film begins with a work out which in bit necessitates financial backing. Another factor that delineates Pather Panchali and Bollywood movies is the matter of budgeting. Pather Panchali was shot with the meager budget of $3000 while Bollywood spends incredible amounts to make musical extravaganzas. Even a wizard dance scene from a Bollywood movie costs tens of thousands of dollars. Satya jit Ray could not afford even what to a Bollywood producer is an insignificant sum. The government of Rays rest home state contributed the lions share of the production costs of Pather Panchali. This never happens with Bollywood films. Film distributors around India are standing ready to advance princely amounts of cash to a masala movie emanating from Bolllywood. Monroe cyclist, the then head of the prestigious Museum of Modern stratagem was greatly impressed with high levels of prime(prenominal) prevalent in Pather Panchali although what he saw at the time of his project to Calcutta in 1954 was an incomplete footage. Later Wheeler asked John Huston, the American movie director who was on a visit to Calcutta to look into the progress Rays debut movie. At Hustons favorable feedback, the Museum of Modern Art provided Ray with additional funds. Still three years had elapsed onward the movie went into post-production (Mehta, 1998).ScreenplayThe screenplay for Pather Panchali was b ased on the Bengali novel of the same title by the popular novelist Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay. The novel was about the simple lives of people inhabiting the Bengal countryside of the period. much(prenominal) a theme is generally anathema to Bollywood directors. Again, the scripts of Bollywood movies tend to be involved, heterogeneous and resemble the raises of a jigsaw puzzle that somehow come in concert at the really end. In contrast Pather Panchali did not construct even a whole script (Robinson, 2003) as it was solely based on Rays notes and drawings. His theme was simple enough with seemingly random sequences of trivial as well as significant sequences pieced together, a practice that is foreign to the mind-set of Bollywood movie directors. Rather than dishing out a fare to assist the moviegoers to head for the hills from the harsh realities of life even it is for a few hours as is the contingency with Bollywood movies, Ray wanted the script to retain some of the ramb ling tonus of the novel because that in itself claimed a clue to the feel of authenticity life in a poor Bengali village does ramble (Ray, 1976). quite a unlike a Satyajit Ray movie, a bollywood film is replete with a plot that is extremely melodramatic in its connotations. Most of such movies follow a regular formula with ingredients that is often mindblogging to a serious movie goer. Such formulae is replete with love triangles, family ties, irate parents, corrupt politicians, conniving villains, kidnappers, meretricious hearted prostitutes, siblings long lost, sudden reversals of fortune, impossible coincidences and what not.Musical removeThe musical score consisting of Pather Panchali was prepared by the sitar maestro Ravi Shankar who at that time was at the sign stage of his musical development (Lavezzoli 2006). The background score, in the best tradition of Indian classical music, was something that was truly plaintive and exhilarating (Hoberman, 1995). A hard track that was based on the ragas of classical music and did not contain any songs to portray dance sequences was singularly at variance with the fatuous capers of Bollywood and something that was happening for the first time in the annals of Indian cinema.A Bollywood movie is an epitome of mediocrity with nothing to relate it with life as lived in India. The main emphasis is on musicals consisting of catchy tunes and words accompanied by a series of song-and-dance sequences. Even the theatricl trailers made to promote a movie have their emphasis on song and dance scenes The modular of a movie is based on mainly on the quality of the songs it features. In fact one major factor of movie furtherance with Indian commercial movies in general is to release the songs that a movie contains far ahead of its release.A Satyajit Ray movie appeals to the filmgoer for the aesethetic sense it imparts. To see Pather Panchali was to have what MSN Carta defined as a cerebral experience (MSN Encarta).To c ome across such films the audience should have a sound notion of what a true movie should be as also expect them to be of a high standard. But it is not at all so in the case of Bollywood movies.Plagiarism in Bollywood MoviesBollywood script writers and music composers have a tendency to plagiarize from western sources and from Bengali and Malayalam movies of India which are of a comparatively high standard. Plot lines, ideas, tunes as well as riffs are fair game for Bollywood (Ayres Oldenburg, 2005). In the past Bollywood could get away with impunity as the movies were largely unknown to non-Indian viewers with the result that none had the faintest notion that ones materials was beeing steal (Dudrah, 2002). Well known Bollywood Director Vikram Bhatt put it succinctly when he remarked Financially, I would be more secure knowing that a particular piece of work has already done well at the box office. copy is endemic everywhere in India. Our TV shows are adaptations of American prog rammes. We want their films, their cars, their planes, their diet cokes and also their attitude. The American way of life is creeping into our culture. and also If you hide the source, youre a genius. Theres no such thing as originality in the creative sphere.However some copyright violations were indeed resulted in litigation. For compositors case the Bollywood movies Zinda in 2005 and Partner in 2007 were taken to court for having plagiarized from the Hollywood movies Oldboy and Hitch respectively.AccoladesAnother point to note is that Rays films remains an important part of world cinema and he has received more accolade than any other Indian moviemaker. Noted critic Basil Wright made this comment after viewing Pather Panchali for the first time I have never forgotten the private projection room at the British Film Institute during which I experienced the shock of recognition and excitement when, unexpectedly, one is suddenly exposed to a new and incontrovertible work of art (Cha pman, 2003). For instance the noted film critic Constantine Santas opined that Ray developed a distinctive style of film-making (Santas, 2002). Moti Gokulsing and Wimal Dissanayake stated that the basis of Rays works is comprised of strong secular humanism and visual lyricism (Gokulsing Dissanayake, 2004). Roy had the singular honor of establishing himself as an auteur of cinema with his very first movie (Santas 2002).In contrast no Bollywood film has ever won an international award, won any critical claim or even special mention from anywhere in the world pull in those pulp magazines singing paeans to the movie moguls of Bollywood and their mediocre creations this in go against of the fact that Bollywood churns out more movies per annum than any other country in the world.Although Bollywood movies are immensely popular with India and Indians living abroad, many South Asians centerfield them with derision labeling them as maudlin and unrealistic. To quote Edward Johnsons aside as he was commenting on the film posters of Bollywood movies, Indian cinema has a reputation in the West founded more on myth than reality. Art directors such as Satyajit Ray are given fulsome praise whilst the majority of commercial cinema receives nothing but ridicule and the entire industry is pilloried as specious dross(Johnson, 19872).Even scholarship in India which, at times, was dismissive of popular films as Technicolor fantasies catering to the masses. To them Bollywood movies were characterized by dance and music, melodramatic content, unstinting production procedures and over emphasis on spectacles and stars. And this is why Bollywood films have attained box-office success and raving audiences within India as also globally and not because of aesthetic excellence or on any rationality of merit.. The evolution of Bollywood Cinema with its constant interruptions of dance and song sequences is cited as a critical feature distinguishing it from other cinemas (Gopalan 2002) i t is often also cited as an hinderance to serious cinema as wellBollywood apologists complain that their movies are evaluated in the glum shadow of European cinematic forms, epistemologies and aesthetics and that in the confine of these rubrics Bollywood movies become poor imitations of art, exhibiting a total lack of realism of any sort and so remain shallow spectacles of fanatastic settings and music.ConclusionIn the latter half of the 20th century filmmakers as well as screen writers of a serious mien became frustrated with the then prevailing musical movies. They wanted to reverse this trend and take the Indian movie to a higher and saner realm. They wanted to develop an altogether new genre of movies that portrayed reality from an aesthetic perspective (Roy, 2008) and not mediocre idealist fare. The pioneering efforts of Satyajit Roy gave birth to a number of highly aesthetic and unforgettable movies from avant garde directors like Mrinal Sen, Adoor Gopalakrishnan, Shyam Ben egal and Girish Kasaravalli. And while it lasted no good thing lasts for long it was a real relief from the artifice universally distributed from the gaudy sets of Bollywood.

Financial and Management Accounting: Payroll Services

financial and counseling Accounting Payroll ServicesFinancial and Management Accounting Case Study Payroll Services1. doctor ON THE CHARGE PER TRANSACTIONThe payroll department department is incurring a total damage of 590,000 at present. The load per transaction is 236 (see fig 1 Appendix A) which is the charge applied each time a wage transaction is completed i. e the salary is sended. If the lump bosom is give to the staff to switch over to the monthly earnings trunk, it is forecasted that it leave behind set out a saving of 20,000 in Pay Costs while the go and supplies personifys argon likely to decrease by 3,000, thereby legal lurch it down to 98,000. The recalculated total or full cost will be 567,000 per financial year. In the new scenario the charge per transaction is reduced to 226 thereby showing a saving of 10. On analysis of the figurework it will not be advisable to acquire these workers shifted over to the monthly retribution system as the figures suggest that bulk of the workers are down the stairs the monthly payment system. The say-so will have to pay a lump sum of 500,000 to the workers when they shift over to the new system, so far in retrspect the cost patelliform out now will be recovered in a very immense time because the savings creation made by the potential on different facets of the payroll department are not signifi ejectt enough. Apart from the savings it does represent harmonisation of the company and there are some early(a) aspects to be considered. Bulk of the workers are under the monthly payment arrangement and having the hebdomadally workers under that scheme energy cause confusion in the payroll system. However there are some finer points to take into consideration. The ending of the weekly wage payment system might have an adverse effect because the workers who are creation offered to shift over to the monthly payment system will politic be working on weekly tush. The difference only be ingness that their salaries will be paid on a monthly basis. aboard these workers there are other workers who are employed on a monthly basis, they work on a monthly basis and recieve their salaries on a monthly basis. If the authority wants to keep the weekly and the monthly workers unconnected and not mix up or confusion between the deuce, it would have to ope assess cardinal different payroll departments. There would be 1 department keeping the records of staff working on a weekly basis but all of whom will be paid a monthly salary and the second department within the payroll component to keep record of the staff workingon a monthly basis who as well get paid on a monthly basis. Operating two separate departments would hence mean that all the costs associated with the running of the payroll part will be much much than what they stand at now. The increment in the cost is therefore a mojr cypher to consider. Considering this the weekly staff should not be asked to transfe r to the monthly system. The fact that the authority will probably have to run two departments within a department complicates things and also increases the cost factor which is what the authority is geared towards saving. The government activity is also urging all the authorities to save on the cost side of things and make the authorities economically more viable. thusly on the basis of the analysis and considerations it is advisable that the authority should not seek to transfer their weekly staff over to the monthly payment system.2. FINANCIAL assessment OF OPTION 1 AND 2In this fact we are confront with the scenario of two options having different life suspenders associated with them. Option 1 has a lifespan of 4 years while Option 2 has a life span of 6 years. Facing this situation we will carry out the financial appraisal on the basis of the qualifiedize annual cash be given ready whereby the option with the lowest cost will be chosen. The equalise annual cashflow su pposes that the cashflows generated as an annuity. In case of annuities we use the annuity factors earlier than the individual yearly discount rates to calculate the present value of the cash flows. Whereas in the equal annual cashflow method the annuity factor is the total of all the yearly factors for the duration of the project and in this case the lifespan of the payroll system being put in place. bear on annual cashflow = present value of costs/annuity factor for N years at R%Therefore for option 1The equal annual cashflow = 916,454/2. 3299 ( Looking at the annuity tables)i. e = 393,345 ( see accessory B for figures)and for Option 2The equal annual cashflow = 1,453,231/2. 7967i. e = 519,623Therefore on the basis of the analysis we will chose the option 1 as it has the lowest equal annual cashflow. There are a hardly a(prenominal) limitations with the calculations involving cashflows and capital costs. These cashflows do not take into account the mag profitsic declination of the pertain rate and assume it to be constant over the lifespan. In closing off from authority Bs proposal we will chose the first option as it has the lower equal annual cash flow. It is feasible on the basis of the calculations to select option 1 and put it into practice. Hoewever there are limitations to the equal annual cashflow method. This appears to be a nice idea however in substantiality it does not add value to what we go off determine from the other methods. The other methods will also yield the same result and therefore adding no extra information for us to make a decision. The equal annual cashflow method force out be used alone when other methods yield nothing and this is the last resort for carrying out an financial apprasial. As far as the aritheticinvolvedin this method it is no more complicated that the other methods and is no more advanced than the traditional methods. There are limitations to this methods which consecrate a lot to be desired. This method ignores the influence of inflation and fluctuation in the interest rate. However it is possible to overcome these limitations by adjusting for the these factors. The cashflows can be adjusted for inflation and the fluctuating interst rate in the veritable world. Firstly a discount rate shoul be selected that is already adjusted for the inflation and includes an allowance for the inflation. Secondly the cashflows can be expressed in real terms whereby meaning that the pass judgment inflation rate can be excluded from the discount rate. In other words the first method provides us with the nominal cashflows while the second method gives us the real cashflows at a real discount rate. The second method excludes the anticipated inflation rate from the discount rate which follows the prudence concept of be where the costs are over estimated and the profits are underestimated so as to avoid disappoinmtment later and to cover for the contigencies.3. DISCUSSION ON THE PROPOSAL imprimatur Bs proposal is to transfer As payroll function to B. The cost associated with this 380,000 for the next financial year. Evaluating on the cost basis only the position A should go ahead with the transfer because the cost proposed by authority B is less than the cost calculated for authority A which is 393,345 on the equal annual cashflow method. Authority B has also suggested that in fututre if more authorities join in the cost would be lowered progressively in the following financial years. Based on the calculation and authrotiy Bs proposal the authotiy A its payroll function to authority B. In order to carry out an investment appraisal of the proposal there will be a few items other than the cost. We would need the reduction in the cost collectible to the shifting of the payroll. We would also require the reduction in cost due to less staff being employed. Reduction in service and supplies costs. However we would also need to know the cost incurred due to the redundancy of a num ber of staff due to the payroll being transfered. The knowledge of all these costs would enable us to make a much better informed desicion on whether or not to transfer the payroll to authority B and whether it would be beneficial in the long run. These financial appraisals have a limitation which is that they donot incorporate inflation however inflation can be adjusted for when carrying out the financial appraisal. The net present value can be adjusted by two ways to take inflation into account. Firstly a discount rate can be used which incorporates inflation. secondly the discount rate can exclude the inflation rate and the cash flows acan be expressed in real terms.The transferring of the payroll from one different authorities to a key one might result in too many mull over losses and redundancies which again will be against the governments agenda. The government would certainly not like to contribute to unemployment. In this case this can be figure out by spreading the unemp loyment over different authorities and not change magnitude the burden on one authority or for that matter a few authorities. The government should also try and create more jobs so as to accomodate these redundancies.APPENDICESAPPENDIX AThe cost for operating the payroll section is as followsPayroll costs 216,000Services and Supplies 101,000Accomodation 45,000Capital Charge228,000 abounding Cost 590,000The charge to the Budget Holders is590,000/2500 = 236/Transaction. (fig1)The cost for the payroll after nonrecreational the Lump sumPayroll Costs 196,000Services and Sipplies 98,000Accomodation 45,000Capital charge 228,000Full Cost 567,000The charge now to the Budget Holders is 567,000/2500 = 226/Transaction(fig2)APPENDIX BOPTION1START OF YEAR CAHSFLOWSYRCASHFLOW PV 8%1 830,000 830,0002 33,000 28,2903 36,300 28,8154 39,930 29,349TOTAL 916,454OPTION 2START OF YEAR CAHSFLOWSYRCASHFLOW PV 8%1 1400,000 1400,0002 22,000 20,3693 24,000 20,5754 24,000 19,0515 24,000 17,6406 24,000 1633 4TOTAL 1,453,231BIBLIOGRAPHYBOOKS1. Mott, G. (1993) investiture Appraisal2. Pike Neale (2003) Corporate Finance Investment3. Drury, C Management and Cost Accounting, 6th edition Thomson (2004)4. Williamson Duncan Cost and Management Accounting (1996) scholar Hall

Solving Violence in the Media Essay -- Social Issues

This game is so cool I flock do whatever I want. I canister rob the bank, I can hit other people with a baseball bat, and I can kill people. Why do I kill? Because Im the boss and because I can This is however a game These argon nearly thoughts that sire into my mind when I play Grand Theft Auto. Many kids in America play many another(prenominal) violent games. In fact, forty-two share of children play at least an hour per day (Video Games ground Aggressive 2). Many people believe that violence in the media doesnt consider a childs behavior at all. Well, I am opposing that viewpoint. get rid of some violence in the media ordain greatly consider children behavior.Many people dont believe that viewing some violent acts in the media doesnt really influence the way a soulfulness acts. Children learn by observing, imitating, and making behaviors by themselves, which are greatly influenced by the media (Clark 1). Children learn very easily. They spend many of their free time in front of the T.V. Parents tend to use T.V. as a babysitter for kids. Televisions are colorful and fun Most human are drawn into the mysterious world of the media, geting since they were a little baby. When television debut in the 1990s, two-third of television sets were owned by families with children less than twelve years of progress. Children are theoretically more susceptible to behavioral influences when they are actively participating than when they are observers ( Clark 2). I spend most of my after instill time locking myself in my room, playing goggle box games. Not just fun video game, but I play violent video games. The amount of time that children spend playing video games is increasing. Research shows that lux percent of children report that they can play video game nightlong th... ...heir bedroom (Violent Video Games Are 1). So, when a parent thinks that their child is sleepyheaded in his room dreaming of sweet dreams, he might genuinely be playing games tha t involve hurting other people. Parents do non pay attention to relevant researches, and ratings. Every single parent should start using the ratings. They will join the ninety four percent of parents that fall out the rating helpful (Video Games Cause Aggressive 4). There are many other options than viewing violent entertainment. A kid should play sports and delight outdoor. For example, a kid can lose can calories playing lawn tennis than watching movies that are violent. Bloods and gores are for adults who are mature enough to manage them. It is not appropriate for children. So, make kids active rather than making them violent. It will be great for children to grow healthy and violence less.

Essays --

Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex is believed to be one of the best classical examples of the Hellenic classical order and what mishap represents. Many Greek tragedies include a central component that is cognize to be the tragic hero. In Oedipus Rex by Sophocles, Oedipus the main character plays this role. This paper will snuff it a brief summary of some(a) of the characteristics of a tragic hero, while also analyzing all the major events that melt to Oedipus rise and downfall. Oedipus, the queen mole rat of Thebes cataclysm modelled Aristotles theorizings of what tragedy is in his book the Poetics. The play has a very well-constructed plot that follows Greek classical order. Aristotle and subsequent critics have labeled Oedipus the ideal tragic hero. A brief summary of the play Oedipus is the son of the King and the Queen of Thebes. The king Laius learns from an illusionist that his son will grow up to murder him and join his wife. Horrified at the prediction Laius sends his son to be killed to avoid the prophecy from becoming admittedly. The servant pitys the baby and gives the child to soulfulness else who then gives it to their king and queen who were unable to have children. Oedipus grows up and goes to the oracle who then tells him about the prophecy. Afraid of what might happen he leaves the kingdom trying to avoid the prophecy as well. While on the pathway he crosses paths with a group of males and get into a confrontation, the fight escalates and Oedipus kills them not knowing that one of them is Laius his father. He continues and arrives at Thebes and sees that a sphinx has taken the city hostage. He resolved the riddle of the sphinx, which had been killing the young men of Thebes. By solving the riddle he became highly praised by the city of Thebes. As... ... parents. His initial intention was to relieve Oedipus from his fears of the prophecy instead the results prove to be remote to his initial intent. The messenger provides him with critical information that immediately reveals to Oedipus that he was not successful in preventing the prophecy his actions lead him right into it. As Aristotle recommends, this is straight connected to the anagnorisis, for the messenger and the herdsman are the missing link to Oedipus true story. The messenger enables him to recognize his true identity, he gains the initial knowledge he lacked. The peripeteia and anagnorisis changes Oedipus fortune. His good fortune turns out to be a catastrophe that leads to suffering. His actions will be considered a setback of his intentions, and each of them will give him more insight of the truth that will eventually lead to his downfall.

Prohibition Essay example -- essays research papers

hindrance, A Complete FailureProhibition had become an issue long before its eventual induction as the 18th amendment in 1920. Organizations came about for the sole purpose of an alcohol let off America. In 1833, an estimated one million Americans belonged to some type of temperance tie-in (Behr 12). Many believed the absence of alcohol would help the poor as sanitary as big business. Lower class people would put much money into savings accounts and productivity would increase among workers (Hanson 27). More importantly the dreadful experimentwas undertaken to reduce crime and corruption, solve social problems, and improve the health and hygiene in America (Thorton 1).Although gangsters of the 1920s were notorious for their violent sodomist wars,the fundamental problem with bulwark was that an increasing percentage of American citizens refused to pertain the equity (Hanson 40). Not only did crime increase, ironically, prohibition turned modal(a) citizens into lawbreakers.I n San Francisco, a jury trying a prohibition wooing was found drinking up the liquor that had been used in philander as evidence (Edey 154). In Texas, shortly after the start of prohibition, a still turning out 130 gallons of whiskey a day was found operating on the farm of Senator Morris Shepard, author of the 18th Amendment(Edey 154).Americans bought machines for distilling liquor, called stills, at the hardware store. (Hanson 28). Even if they did not know how to use them they easily invite the information from the public library (Hanson28). Everything you could imagine was put into use to read liquor, even bathtubs (Hanson 28). In fact, bathtub gin became a common landmark to describe during the decade (Hanson28).Doctors and druggists were legally allowed to dispense alcohol as medicine (Hanson 34). An average of 10 million prescriptions were issued each year during the thirteen years prohibition was in effect (Hanson 34).In summary, ordinary citizens were consuming alcoh ol, an misbranded act. They were making alcoholic beverages. They were getting doctors to prescribe alcohol for them under doubtful circumstances making the medical profession their accomplice.Somebody had to satisfy the wish for alcohol to an eager nation. This is where the rise in organised crime came in. For the first-year time the United States experienced a massive ... ...e or prohibition agents zeroed-in on breweries, Capone was forewarned and hastily converted the targeted facilities to production of near-beer (Heimel 38). As one lawsuit of the amount of money changing hands, consider George Remus. He was one of the nigh profitable, if not the most profitable, bootlegger of the 1920s. Out of the estimated $40,000,000 a year that he made, half of it went for bribes and payoffs (Behr 104).Prohibition has been called the noble experiment that failed (Hanson 26, 27). One of the reasons behind its monumental failure is that it made criminals of ordinary citizens. Decent, hardworking people broke the law simply because they took a drink of alcohol. And what a drink they took, consumption went from .8 to 1.3 gallons per capita between 1919 and 1929 (Thornton 2). To support this heavy demand for booze criminal gangs became more organized and ruthless, protected by corrupt officials. Corruption dramatically increased in prohibition. And who were people that were corrupted? Ordinary citizens were corrupted, who before prohibition, were decent, law abiding individuals.

Robert E. Lee :: Essays Papers

Robert E. lee(prenominal)For some the man Robert E. Lee is an almost paragon corresponding figure. For others he is a paradox. Robert E. Lee was born on January 19, 1807 at Stratford, Virginia. Robert was the fourth child of a Revolutionary War hero total heat Light Horse Harry Lee and Ann Hill Carter Lee. Young Robert, the son, was raise mostly by his mother. From her he learned patience, control, and discipline. As a junior man he was exposed to Christianity and accepted its faith. In contrast to the sanitary example of his mother Robert saw his father go from failed enterprise to failed enterprise. In part the young Robert was led to try harder and succeed. Robert was accepted to the joined States military machine Academy and graduated 2nd in his class. But perhaps great than his academic success was his record of no demerits while being a cadet which today has still not been equaled. adjacent his graduation Lee, like most top classmen, was given a commission as an engin eer. Lt. Lee helped build the St. Louis waterfront and worked on coastal forts in Brunswick and Savannah. It was during this time he marry Mary Custis the granddaughter of George Washington and Martha Custis Washington. In 1845 the War between U.S. and Mexico erupted. General Winfield Scott, boilersuit U.S. Army commander, attached Captain Robert E. Lee to his staff. Lee was intrusted with the vital duties of subroutine out the terrain ahead, dividing the line of advance for the U.S. troops, and in one case lead-in troops into battle. Lee was learning skills he would need 16 old age later. There in Mexico Lee also met, worked with, and got a chance to pass judgment many of those he would later serve with and against James Longstreet, Thomas J. Jackson, George Pickett, and U.S. Grant. Following the Mexican War Lee returned to service as an army engineer. He spent most of this time near Washington D.C. and moved into Custis household (now overlooking the Arlington Cemetery). Thu s was Colonel Lee was available for duty to put rout a believed rebellion at Harper Ferry, Virginia the site of a United States Arsenal. Colonel Lee, and a young aide Lt. JEB Stuart, and a detachment of U.S. marines, were rushed by train to Harpers Ferry where they were able to capture radical abolitionist illusion Brown and his followers. Browns attempt seemed

Oedipus, The King Summary :: Oedipus Rex, Sophocles

Sophocles Oedipus, the King is a ample representation of Greek tragedy and of the humane experience. Within it, he explores the intricacies of human thinking and communication along with its ability to change as more information and knowledge is acquired. His primary focus as the story begins and progresses is the harvesting of Oedipus from an unintelligible and unenlightened mentality to its antithesis.Because the story was one familiar to more or less of its viewers in its time, there are certain things that they are pass judgment to already know. Among them is the background to the legend. Most generally it was that it was prophesied that Laios and Jocasta, king and queen of Thebes, would sacrifice birth to a child who would grow up to murder his flummox and marry his mother. And, fearing the dreadful prophecy, that the parents nailed their first sons feet together (thus the name Oedipus, which means swollen-foot) and left him to die on a lonely moun-tainside outside the city. Moreover, that he was open by a wandering shepherd who took him to the nearby city of Corinth where he was adopted by the childless King Polybos and Queen Merope who raised him as a son and prince in the royal househ nonagenarian. Then, when he was a puppylike adult and first heard the prophecy, that he assumed that it applied to Polybos and Merope, the tho parents he had ever known, and had fled Corinth and wandered around Greece where he met a group of travelers and killed an old man who, unknown to him, was his real father, King Laios. Then, when he arrived at Thebes, he met the Sphinx, a monster who guarded the gates of the city and correctly answered its sort and was rewarded with the title of king of Thebes and was given the hand of the re-cently widowed queen, Jocasta. The true standoff in his life begins here because he has four children with her, An-tigone, Ismene, Eteocles, and Polyneices and fulfills the prophecy.The story begins by and by some time after Oed ipus has taken the throne and when there is a mysterious enkindle that sweeps the city. Here, he learns from the priest that the sacred oracle says that the plague will be re-moved only when Laios murderer is discovered. Consequently, he sends Creon, his brother-in-law, to Delphi to consult the oracles and reckon out the identity of the murderer.

Ida Tarbell the Muckraker: Digging up the Dirt Essay -- Essays Papers

Ida Tarbell the Muckraker Digging up the diddlysquat During the late 1800s and early 1900s, change in American society was rattling evident in the economy. An extraordinary expansion of the industrial economy was victorious place, presenting new forms of business organization and bringing trusts and holding companies into the national picture. The acetify of the century is known as the Great Merger Movement all over two thousand corporations were swallowed up by one hundred and lambert giant holding companies.1 This powerful change in industry brought well-nigh controversy and was a source of social anxiety. How were people to deal with this spacious movement and understand the reasons behind the new advancements? Through the use of propaganda, the familiar was enlightened and the trusts were attacked. Muckraking, a term categorizing this pillowcase of journalism, began in 1903 and lasted until 1912. It uncovered the shite of trusts and accurately voiced the publics alarm of this new form of industrial control. Ida Tarbell, a known muckraker, spearheaded this popular investigative movement.2 As a journalist, she produced one of the most detailed examinations of a monopolistic trust, The Standard Oil Company.3 Taking on a difficult responsibility and using her unique journalistic skills, Ida Tarbell was fitted to get to the bottom of a scheme that allowed the oil industry to be manipulated by a single man, John D. Rockefeller. Being a conscientious journalist, Ida Tarbell is known for the inauguration of muckraking. President Theodore Roosevelt had given the term muckraking to this type of investigative journalism done by Ida Tarbell. Roosevelt did not fully support her work because of its focus and tone. The President got this name from a c... ...s Press, 1994), 4. 2. Kathleen Brady, Ida Tarbell, Portrait of a Muckraker (New York Seaview/Putnam, 1984), 140. 3. Ida M. Tarbell. The History of the Standard Oil Company. 1904. Availa ble online http//www.history.rochester.edu/fuels/tarbell/MAIN.HTM. (15 February 2000). 4. Fitzpatrick, 2. 5. Mary E. Tomkins, Ida M. Tarbell (New York Twayne Publishers, Inc, 1974), 15. 6. Brady, 136. 7. Tomkins, 15. 8. Brady, 121-124. 9. Brady, 133. 10. Fitzpatrick, 60-70. 11. Tarbell 12. Tomkins, 65. 13. Fitzpatrick, 77-79. 14. Tomkins, 59-65. 15. Tarbell 16. Tomkins, 66. 17. Lowrie, Arthur L. Ida M. Tarbell inquiring Journalist Par Excellence. 1997. Available online http//merlin.alleg.edu/hmccell/tarbell/biobib.html (15 February 2000). 18. Brady, 160. 19. Lowrie

Gender Roles in Medea by Euripides Essay -- Gender Roles in Greek Soci

Centuries of traditions has enabled workforce and women to define gender roles in society. Although some critics declare gender roles do not exist directly, others believe they do. In society, men and women are specify by gender roles throughout their activities and emotions. A doctor is typic all in ally envisioned by a male while women rear the children and cook for the men. However, although silent in existence, today these roles are less obvious but be given to have similar meaning when compared to the past. In ancient Greece, women suffered great hardships. Currently, females work, vote, and dethaw for office. In comparison to ancient Greece, these activities are a phenomenal springtime from being under the direct supervision of a male husband. In Grecian society, the role of women was considered to be insignificant compared to the Greek men. The women had very fewer rights, no room to voice personal opinions, and a very unsanded future with few options for a better keep. According to Moses Hades, professor of Greek studies, women in ancient Greek plays are known to be the briny characters and take the role of the baddie, victim, or the heroine. In Euripides play Medea, Medea, the main character, plays all these roles. She represents the heroine by helping her husband secure the Golden Fleece anterior to their marriage, and then portrays the victim by being betrayed by her husband, and finally the villain by murdering her loved ones. Therefore, Euripides follows the standard format for a Greek tragedy.Ironically, Medeas actions are similar to a man when she takes charge of her marriage, living situation, and family life when she devices a plan to engulf her husband with grief. With this in mind, Medea had accepts her place in a mans world unti... ...leaving moves Medea into a beggar status. She understands that she does not have authority, money, or power over anyone in the land. This leaves her powerless and desperate. Thereo fore, she forms a crafty plan that revolves around herself and reestablishes power and authority. Even in todays society, gender roles play a part in how pack view the world. Although more important than the gender roles are the emotions that antagonize the oral sex of the human. Medea shows how jealousy can lead to revenge and influence bad decisions and give or even end lives. Ironically, the decisions she makes to kill her children, leaves Jason helpless much give care a Greek wife during this time. She removes the opportunity for him to voice his opinions, needs, and desires. This flip of handed-down gender roles shows how gender roles are not a reliable centering to view a society.

Recycling Laws: Eco-Unfriendly? Essay -- Environmental Issues

Out of all the growing problems in the world, the massive accumulation of slobber seems to be the least of the large numbers worries. Countless landfills are existence satiated by trash of all shapes, sizes and composition many like a shot being paved all over to serve as foundation for housing, airports, businesses, and so on If the situation were as simple to resolve as paving over the putrescent landfills, and then there wouldnt be debates or research about the environmental effects of pollution associated with improper discarding of waste materials. A majority of the types of waste can be recycled, but at what speak to? Many will argue that recycle is the only way to hap such landfills and protect the environment from further damage. S eeral environmentalists groups and politicians seek to bring up recycling a legal responsibility, while the technology for recycling has progressed in recent years, the ratio of cost to practicality has remained essentially the same. If recycling were to be mandated, then there would have to be a paradigm shift in the circulation of products, from creation to redistribution, in order to make regulations practical.In previous generations, recycling was very limited in its capabilities and effectiveness. Several studies from the time period genuinely support the claim that more trash was produced than salvaged. The collection of a multitude of papers left behind mounds of gloves, trash bags, food wrappers and water bottles that couldnt be used. With that in mind, it is completely understandable as to why groups of people in the past were against salvaging materials. Since then, the ability to process raw or reused materials has increase tenfold. Now, almost everything from wastewater to the toughest polymers can be recycl... ...law wrapped around them. Without the have contributions of all three of these major groups, the system will continue to be flawed, while money, resources and time, shall continue to be was ted trying to salvage from an ever growing junk pile. If any laws need to be emplaced then they should be limited to an initiating push, much like the ignition on a vehicle. once the trifecta begins to pick up speed, any regulations used to propel the movement should be immediately relinquished and replaced with maintenance and education in order to aid a self-perpetuating behavior. Works Cited Esterl, Mike. Plastic Recycling Falls Short as Too Few Do It. Wall Street Journal. 19 Aug 2011 B.1. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 01 Apr 2012. Koch, Wendy. Cities travel Deeper Shades of Green. USA TODAY. 30 Jun 2011 A.3. SIRSIssue Researcher. Web. 06 Mar 2012.

The Airline Industry :: essays research papers

The topic in which I chose to do a scrapbook on was How the g overnment affects the airline industry in Canada. Specifically I chose articles that related to the afterwardmaths of the September 11th tragedy. This event alter airlines in an enormous manner. Many airlines were facing economical problems and in saturnine asked the administration for assistance. As a result, Canada 3000, which was Canadas second largest airline carrier filed for bankruptcy protection on October 11th.       nisus Canada was also faced with umpteen another(prenominal) hard to make endings. They turned to the Canadian disposal and asked for financial assistance. The problem Solving Method will be examined to determine how the government came to the decision of actually granting Air Canada some assistance.Problem Solving Method1.      define on the "Issue" (Define it carefully to avoid arguments later.)The issue that is being discussed in whether or not the government should swear out Air Canada out financially. As can be seen in the articles presented in the scrapbook, it is kn birth that the government controls many of the operations at Air Canada.2. Examine various points of view and the opinions they have.     Your ownIn my opinion, I think that the Canadian government should attention Air Canada with financial assistance. I believe that if the government wants to have control over their fare prices, whether or not they can open a neglect airline, and the amount of workers they are able to hire, that they have an obligation to the airline to help them out in these types of situations.     Those of key conferences or individuals (stakeholders) a) Air Canada Union Representatives This group feels that the government should be active in financial aid relief. During the events after September 11th, the union stated in many national papers, that they felt that they deserved the same amount of support and relief that the US government was giving their airlines.b) The Canadian Government The government had essentially three choices i)     They could help the airline.ii)     They could do nothing and let the airline claim bankruptcy.iii)     They could buy rear into Air Canada.With the first choice, the government has to allocate some of their resources to the airline. The second natural selection was not feasible for the government to partake in because of the fact that Canadian citizens would be loosing the biggest airline carrier. The third option, which the government did consider, involved two options. The government could either buy a minority of the shares or they could buy the ideal operation and that would result in Air Canada becoming a go past corporation.